diff --git a/frontend/public/firmware/micropython-esp32.bin b/frontend/public/firmware/micropython-esp32.bin
index 560daf66..73bb9f22 100644
Binary files a/frontend/public/firmware/micropython-esp32.bin and b/frontend/public/firmware/micropython-esp32.bin differ
diff --git a/frontend/public/firmware/micropython-esp32c3.bin b/frontend/public/firmware/micropython-esp32c3.bin
index 48416963..d40a4a8d 100644
Binary files a/frontend/public/firmware/micropython-esp32c3.bin and b/frontend/public/firmware/micropython-esp32c3.bin differ
diff --git a/frontend/public/firmware/micropython-esp32s3.bin b/frontend/public/firmware/micropython-esp32s3.bin
index cd396f66..af054727 100644
Binary files a/frontend/public/firmware/micropython-esp32s3.bin and b/frontend/public/firmware/micropython-esp32s3.bin differ
diff --git a/frontend/src/simulation/Esp32MicroPythonLoader.ts b/frontend/src/simulation/Esp32MicroPythonLoader.ts
index 93f3d4f2..3674c928 100644
--- a/frontend/src/simulation/Esp32MicroPythonLoader.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/simulation/Esp32MicroPythonLoader.ts
@@ -17,18 +17,18 @@ interface FirmwareConfig {
 
 const FIRMWARE_MAP: Record<string, FirmwareConfig> = {
   esp32: {
-    remote: 'https://micropython.org/resources/firmware/ESP32_GENERIC-20230426-v1.20.0.bin',
-    cacheKey: 'micropython-esp32-v1.20.0',
+    remote: 'https://micropython.org/resources/firmware/ESP32_GENERIC-20260406-v1.28.0.bin',
+    cacheKey: 'micropython-esp32-v1.28.0',
     fallback: '/firmware/micropython-esp32.bin',
   },
   'esp32-s3': {
-    remote: 'https://micropython.org/resources/firmware/ESP32_GENERIC_S3-20230426-v1.20.0.bin',
-    cacheKey: 'micropython-esp32s3-v1.20.0',
+    remote: 'https://micropython.org/resources/firmware/ESP32_GENERIC_S3-20260406-v1.28.0.bin',
+    cacheKey: 'micropython-esp32s3-v1.28.0',
     fallback: '/firmware/micropython-esp32s3.bin',
   },
   'esp32-c3': {
-    remote: 'https://micropython.org/resources/firmware/ESP32_GENERIC_C3-20230426-v1.20.0.bin',
-    cacheKey: 'micropython-esp32c3-v1.20.0',
+    remote: 'https://micropython.org/resources/firmware/ESP32_GENERIC_C3-20260406-v1.28.0.bin',
+    cacheKey: 'micropython-esp32c3-v1.28.0',
     fallback: '/firmware/micropython-esp32c3.bin',
   },
 };
diff --git a/frontend/src/store/useEditorStore.ts b/frontend/src/store/useEditorStore.ts
index a5d9ec0d..c8138b0b 100644
--- a/frontend/src/store/useEditorStore.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/store/useEditorStore.ts
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ while True:
     time.sleep(1)
 `;
 
-// NOTE: avoid Pin.toggle() — it was only added to the ESP32 port in
-// MicroPython v1.21 (Oct 2023). The firmware Velxio ships is v1.20.0
-// (April 2023), so Pin.toggle() raises AttributeError there.
-// See https://github.com/davidmonterocrespo24/velxio/issues/122
+// The shipped ESP32-family MicroPython is v1.28.0 (IDF 5.x drivers — the
+// same generation the compile pipeline and the JS engines are validated
+// against), so Pin.toggle() and friends exist now; this seed just stays on
+// the lowest-common API. History: #122 (v1.20 had no Pin.toggle).
 const DEFAULT_ESP32_MICROPYTHON_CONTENT = `# MicroPython Blink for ESP32
 from machine import Pin
 import time