feat: add ESP32 + ngspice co-simulation E2E tests

Three new end-to-end tests that combine ESP32 QEMU emulation (via backend
WebSocket) with ngspice-WASM analog circuit solving:

1. test_esp32_spice_analog.mjs — voltage divider sweep
   - Compiles a sketch that reads analogRead(34)
   - Solves two voltage dividers with ngspice (R1/R2=10k/10k then 10k/30k)
   - Injects solved V(mid) into ESP32's ADC via esp32_adc_set
   - Verifies Serial output matches within +-50 counts (12-bit ADC)
   - Confirms circuit change is detected (different ADC values)

2. test_esp32_spice_ntc_bridge.mjs — Wheatstone bridge temperature sweep
   - NTC thermistor in a bridge (0C / 25C / 50C)
   - ngspice solves the bridge for each temperature
   - ESP32 reads both legs (ADC34+ADC35), computes R_ntc and T via beta model
   - Verifies temperature within +-5C tolerance across sweep

3. test_esp32_spice_smoke.mjs — ngspice-only smoke test (no backend needed)

Also adds eecircuit-engine to test/backend/e2e/package.json.

Prerequisites: backend on localhost:8001 with esp32 core installed.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
David Montero Crespo 2026-04-15 23:28:47 -03:00
parent 04d14a74b2
commit 3197935461
4 changed files with 715 additions and 0 deletions

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@ -2,8 +2,10 @@
"name": "velxio-e2e-tests",
"version": "1.0.0",
"private": true,
"type": "module",
"description": "E2E test dependencies for Velxio simulator",
"dependencies": {
"eecircuit-engine": "^1.7.0",
"rp2040js": "^1.3.0"
}
}

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/**
* test_esp32_spice_analog.mjs
*
* Full end-to-end co-simulation test: ESP32 (QEMU via backend) + ngspice (WASM).
*
* What it tests:
* 1. Compile a minimal ESP32 sketch that reads analogRead(34) every 500 ms
* and prints "ADC34: raw=XXXX voltage=X.XXXV" via Serial.
* 2. Boot the ESP32 in QEMU via the backend WebSocket.
* 3. Run ngspice to solve a voltage divider circuit (R1=10k + R2=10k, Vcc=3.3V)
* producing V(mid) = 1.65 V.
* 4. Inject V(mid) into ESP32's ADC channel 6 (GPIO34) via `esp32_adc_set`.
* 5. Read Serial output and verify the ADC value matches the SPICE voltage
* within tolerance (12-bit ADC: 4096 counts over 3.3V ±20 counts).
* 6. Update the circuit (R2=30k V(mid)=2.475V), re-inject, and verify
* the ESP32 reads the new voltage.
*
* Run:
* cd test/backend/e2e && npm install && node test_esp32_spice_analog.mjs
*
* Prerequisites:
* - Backend running on http://localhost:8001
* - ESP32 Arduino core installed (`arduino-cli core install esp32:esp32`)
*/
import { Simulation } from 'eecircuit-engine';
// ─── Config ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
const BACKEND = process.env.BACKEND_URL
?? process.argv.find(a => a.startsWith('--backend='))?.slice(10)
?? 'http://localhost:8001';
const WS_BASE = BACKEND.replace(/^https?:/, m => m === 'https:' ? 'wss:' : 'ws:');
const SESSION = `test-esp32-spice-${Date.now()}`;
const TIMEOUT_S = parseInt(
process.argv.find(a => a.startsWith('--timeout='))?.slice(10) ?? '90'
);
// ─── ESP32 ADC sketch ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
const SKETCH = `// ESP32 ADC reader for SPICE co-simulation test
// Reads GPIO34 (ADC1_CH6) at 12-bit resolution
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
analogReadResolution(12);
delay(500);
Serial.println("ESP32_ADC_READY");
}
void loop() {
int raw = analogRead(34);
float voltage = raw * 3.3 / 4095.0;
Serial.printf("ADC34: raw=%d voltage=%.3fV\\n", raw, voltage);
delay(500);
}`;
// ─── Logging ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
const T0 = Date.now();
const ts = () => `[+${((Date.now() - T0) / 1000).toFixed(3)}s]`;
const C = {
INFO: '\x1b[36m', OK: '\x1b[32m', ERROR: '\x1b[31m',
SERIAL: '\x1b[32m', SPICE: '\x1b[35m', RESET: '\x1b[0m',
};
const log = (lvl, ...a) => console.log(`${C[lvl] ?? ''}${ts()} [${lvl}]${C.RESET}`, ...a);
const info = (...a) => log('INFO', ...a);
const ok = (...a) => log('OK', ...a);
const err = (...a) => log('ERROR', ...a);
const serial = (...a) => log('SERIAL', ...a);
const spice = (...a) => log('SPICE', ...a);
// ─── ngspice Engine (singleton) ──────────────────────────────────────────────
let sim = null;
async function bootNgspice() {
if (sim) return sim;
spice('Booting ngspice-WASM...');
sim = new Simulation();
await sim.start();
spice('ngspice ready');
return sim;
}
async function solveCircuit(r1, r2, vcc = 3.3) {
const engine = await bootNgspice();
const netlist = `Voltage divider R1=${r1} R2=${r2}
V1 vcc 0 DC ${vcc}
R1 vcc mid ${r1}
R2 mid 0 ${r2}
.op
.end`;
engine.setNetList(netlist);
const result = await engine.runSim();
const names = result.variableNames.map(n => n.toLowerCase());
const idx = names.indexOf('v(mid)');
if (idx < 0) throw new Error(`v(mid) not found in result: ${names}`);
const voltage = result.data[idx].values[0];
spice(`Solved: R1=${r1}, R2=${r2}, V(mid) = ${voltage.toFixed(4)}V`);
return voltage;
}
// ─── Step 1: Compile ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
async function compile() {
info('Compiling ESP32 ADC sketch...');
const res = await fetch(`${BACKEND}/api/compile/`, {
method: 'POST',
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
body: JSON.stringify({
files: [{ name: 'sketch.ino', content: SKETCH }],
board_fqbn: 'esp32:esp32:esp32',
}),
});
if (!res.ok) {
const text = await res.text();
throw new Error(`Compilation HTTP ${res.status}: ${text.slice(0, 500)}`);
}
const body = await res.json();
if (!body.success) {
throw new Error(`Compilation error:\n${(body.error ?? body.stderr ?? 'unknown').slice(0, 500)}`);
}
const firmware_b64 = body.binary_content ?? body.firmware_b64;
if (!firmware_b64) throw new Error(`No firmware. Keys: ${Object.keys(body)}`);
ok(`Compiled -- ${Math.round(firmware_b64.length * 0.75 / 1024)} KB firmware`);
return firmware_b64;
}
// ─── Step 2: Run co-simulation ────────────────────────────────────────────────
function runCoSimulation(firmware_b64) {
return new Promise(async (resolve) => {
// Pre-solve two circuit configurations with ngspice
const v1 = await solveCircuit(10000, 10000, 3.3); // 1.65V
const v2 = await solveCircuit(10000, 30000, 3.3); // 2.475V
const wsUrl = `${WS_BASE}/api/simulation/ws/${SESSION}`;
info(`Connecting WebSocket -> ${wsUrl}`);
const ws = new WebSocket(wsUrl);
let serialLines = [];
let lineBuf = '';
let readyReceived = false;
let firstInjected = false;
let secondInjected = false;
let firstReadings = [];
let secondReadings = [];
let phase = 0; // 0=boot, 1=injected v1, 2=injected v2
const timer = setTimeout(() => {
info(`Timeout (${TIMEOUT_S}s)`);
ws.close();
resolve({
timedOut: true, firstReadings, secondReadings,
v1, v2, serialLines,
});
}, TIMEOUT_S * 1000);
ws.addEventListener('open', () => {
ok('WebSocket connected');
ws.send(JSON.stringify({
type: 'start_esp32',
data: {
board: 'esp32',
firmware_b64,
wifi_enabled: false,
},
}));
info('Sent start_esp32');
});
ws.addEventListener('message', ev => {
let msg;
try { msg = JSON.parse(ev.data); } catch { return; }
const { type, data } = msg;
if (type === 'serial_output') {
lineBuf += data?.data ?? '';
let nl;
while ((nl = lineBuf.indexOf('\n')) !== -1) {
const line = lineBuf.slice(0, nl).replace(/\r$/, '');
lineBuf = lineBuf.slice(nl + 1);
if (!line.trim()) continue;
serialLines.push(line);
serial(`UART: ${line}`);
// Detect ready signal
if (line.includes('ESP32_ADC_READY') && !readyReceived) {
readyReceived = true;
ok('ESP32 ADC ready -- injecting SPICE voltage #1');
// Inject v1 into ADC channel 6 (GPIO34)
const mv = Math.round(v1 * 1000);
ws.send(JSON.stringify({
type: 'esp32_adc_set',
data: { channel: 6, millivolts: mv },
}));
spice(`Injected V(mid) = ${v1.toFixed(3)}V (${mv} mV) into ADC CH6`);
phase = 1;
firstInjected = true;
}
// Parse ADC readings
const adcMatch = line.match(/ADC34:\s*raw=(\d+)\s+voltage=([\d.]+)V/);
if (adcMatch) {
const raw = parseInt(adcMatch[1]);
const vRead = parseFloat(adcMatch[2]);
if (phase === 1) {
firstReadings.push({ raw, voltage: vRead });
// After 3 readings at v1, switch to v2
if (firstReadings.length >= 3 && !secondInjected) {
info('3 readings at v1 collected -- injecting SPICE voltage #2');
const mv2 = Math.round(v2 * 1000);
ws.send(JSON.stringify({
type: 'esp32_adc_set',
data: { channel: 6, millivolts: mv2 },
}));
spice(`Injected V(mid) = ${v2.toFixed(3)}V (${mv2} mV) into ADC CH6`);
phase = 2;
secondInjected = true;
}
} else if (phase === 2) {
secondReadings.push({ raw, voltage: vRead });
if (secondReadings.length >= 3) {
clearTimeout(timer);
ws.close();
resolve({
timedOut: false, firstReadings, secondReadings,
v1, v2, serialLines,
});
}
}
}
}
return;
}
if (type === 'system') info(`system: ${JSON.stringify(data)}`);
if (type === 'error') err(`error: ${JSON.stringify(data)}`);
});
ws.addEventListener('close', () => {
clearTimeout(timer);
if (phase < 2) {
resolve({
timedOut: true, firstReadings, secondReadings,
v1, v2, serialLines,
});
}
});
ws.addEventListener('error', e => {
err(`WebSocket error: ${e.message ?? e}`);
});
});
}
// ─── Step 3: Validate results ────────────────────────────────────────────────
function validate(result) {
const { timedOut, firstReadings, secondReadings, v1, v2 } = result;
info('');
info('═══════════════════════════════════════════════════');
info(' Co-Simulation Results: ESP32 + ngspice');
info('═══════════════════════════════════════════════════');
// Expected ADC raw values (12-bit, 3.3V reference)
const expected1 = Math.round(v1 / 3.3 * 4095);
const expected2 = Math.round(v2 / 3.3 * 4095);
info(`Circuit 1: R1=10k, R2=10k -> V(mid)=${v1.toFixed(4)}V -> expected ADC=${expected1}`);
info(`Circuit 2: R1=10k, R2=30k -> V(mid)=${v2.toFixed(4)}V -> expected ADC=${expected2}`);
info('');
let pass = true;
if (timedOut) {
err('Test timed out before collecting enough readings');
pass = false;
}
// Check first batch
if (firstReadings.length < 1) {
err('No ADC readings received after first injection');
pass = false;
} else {
const avg1 = firstReadings.reduce((s, r) => s + r.raw, 0) / firstReadings.length;
info(`First batch: ${firstReadings.length} readings, avg raw=${avg1.toFixed(0)} (expected ${expected1})`);
// Tolerance: ±50 counts (generous for QEMU ADC emulation + timing)
if (Math.abs(avg1 - expected1) > 50) {
err(`First batch off by ${Math.abs(avg1 - expected1).toFixed(0)} counts (tolerance: 50)`);
pass = false;
} else {
ok(`First batch within tolerance`);
}
}
// Check second batch
if (secondReadings.length < 1) {
err('No ADC readings received after second injection');
pass = false;
} else {
const avg2 = secondReadings.reduce((s, r) => s + r.raw, 0) / secondReadings.length;
info(`Second batch: ${secondReadings.length} readings, avg raw=${avg2.toFixed(0)} (expected ${expected2})`);
if (Math.abs(avg2 - expected2) > 50) {
err(`Second batch off by ${Math.abs(avg2 - expected2).toFixed(0)} counts (tolerance: 50)`);
pass = false;
} else {
ok(`Second batch within tolerance`);
}
}
// Check that the two batches are DIFFERENT (proving the circuit change was detected)
if (firstReadings.length > 0 && secondReadings.length > 0) {
const avg1 = firstReadings.reduce((s, r) => s + r.raw, 0) / firstReadings.length;
const avg2 = secondReadings.reduce((s, r) => s + r.raw, 0) / secondReadings.length;
if (Math.abs(avg2 - avg1) < 100) {
err(`First and second batches too similar (delta=${Math.abs(avg2 - avg1).toFixed(0)}). Circuit change not detected.`);
pass = false;
} else {
ok(`Circuit change detected: delta=${Math.abs(avg2 - avg1).toFixed(0)} counts`);
}
}
info('');
if (pass) {
ok('ALL CHECKS PASSED -- ESP32 + ngspice co-simulation works!');
process.exit(0);
} else {
err('SOME CHECKS FAILED');
process.exit(1);
}
}
// ─── Main ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
async function main() {
info('ESP32 + ngspice analog co-simulation E2E test');
info(`Backend: ${BACKEND}`);
info(`Timeout: ${TIMEOUT_S}s`);
info('');
try {
// Boot ngspice engine (async, ~400ms)
await bootNgspice();
// Compile sketch
const firmware = await compile();
// Run the co-simulation
const result = await runCoSimulation(firmware);
// Validate
validate(result);
} catch (e) {
err(`Fatal: ${e.message}`);
if (e.message?.includes('fetch')) {
err('Is the backend running? Start with: cd backend && uvicorn app.main:app --port 8001');
}
process.exit(1);
}
}
main();

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/**
* test_esp32_spice_ntc_bridge.mjs
*
* Advanced co-simulation: ESP32 reads a Wheatstone bridge with an NTC
* thermistor through its ADC, and the bridge voltages are computed by
* ngspice-WASM. The test sweeps temperature from 0C to 50C and verifies
* the ESP32's calculated temperature matches within tolerance.
*
* Circuit (ngspice):
* Vcc=3.3V
* |
* R1=10k R3=10k
* | |
* VA (ADC34) VB (ADC35)
* | |
* NTC(T) R4=10k (fixed reference)
* | |
* GND GND
*
* V_diff = VA - VB (proportional to NTC deviation from 10k)
*
* Sketch: reads ADC34 and ADC35, computes V_diff, estimates temperature
* from the NTC beta-model, and prints via Serial.
*
* Run:
* cd test/backend/e2e && npm install && node test_esp32_spice_ntc_bridge.mjs
*
* Prerequisites: Backend on http://localhost:8001, esp32 core installed.
*/
import { Simulation } from 'eecircuit-engine';
const BACKEND = process.env.BACKEND_URL ?? 'http://localhost:8001';
const WS_BASE = BACKEND.replace(/^https?:/, m => m === 'https:' ? 'wss:' : 'ws:');
const SESSION = `test-esp32-ntc-${Date.now()}`;
const TIMEOUT_S = parseInt(process.argv.find(a => a.startsWith('--timeout='))?.slice(10) ?? '120');
// NTC beta model (matches the sketch)
const NTC_R0 = 10000; // 10k at 25C
const NTC_T0 = 298.15; // 25C in Kelvin
const NTC_BETA = 3950;
function ntcResistance(Tc) {
const T = Tc + 273.15;
return NTC_R0 * Math.exp(NTC_BETA * (1 / T - 1 / NTC_T0));
}
// ─── ESP32 Sketch ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
const SKETCH = `// ESP32 Wheatstone bridge + NTC temperature reader
// ADC34 = bridge leg A (NTC side)
// ADC35 = bridge leg B (reference side)
#define NTC_R0 10000.0
#define NTC_T0 298.15
#define NTC_BETA 3950.0
#define R_PULL 10000.0
#define VCC 3.3
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
analogReadResolution(12);
delay(500);
Serial.println("ESP32_BRIDGE_READY");
}
void loop() {
int rawA = analogRead(34);
int rawB = analogRead(35);
float vA = rawA * VCC / 4095.0;
float vB = rawB * VCC / 4095.0;
// Estimate NTC resistance from VA (half-bridge: Vcc -> R_pull -> VA -> NTC -> GND)
// VA = VCC * R_ntc / (R_pull + R_ntc) => R_ntc = R_pull * VA / (VCC - VA)
float rNtc = R_PULL * vA / (VCC - vA + 0.001);
// Beta model: T = 1 / (1/T0 + ln(R/R0)/beta)
float tK = 1.0 / (1.0 / NTC_T0 + log(rNtc / NTC_R0) / NTC_BETA);
float tC = tK - 273.15;
Serial.printf("BRIDGE: rawA=%d rawB=%d vA=%.3f vB=%.3f R_ntc=%.0f T=%.1fC\\n",
rawA, rawB, vA, vB, rNtc, tC);
delay(500);
}`;
// ─── Logging ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
const T0 = Date.now();
const ts = () => `[+${((Date.now() - T0) / 1000).toFixed(3)}s]`;
const C = { INFO: '\x1b[36m', OK: '\x1b[32m', ERROR: '\x1b[31m', SERIAL: '\x1b[32m', SPICE: '\x1b[35m', RESET: '\x1b[0m' };
const log = (lvl, ...a) => console.log(`${C[lvl] ?? ''}${ts()} [${lvl}]${C.RESET}`, ...a);
const info = (...a) => log('INFO', ...a);
const ok = (...a) => log('OK', ...a);
const err = (...a) => log('ERROR', ...a);
const serial = (...a) => log('SERIAL', ...a);
const spice = (...a) => log('SPICE', ...a);
// ─── ngspice ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
let engine = null;
async function bootNgspice() {
if (engine) return engine;
spice('Booting ngspice-WASM...');
engine = new Simulation();
await engine.start();
spice('ngspice ready');
return engine;
}
async function solveBridge(tempC) {
const rNtc = ntcResistance(tempC);
const e = await bootNgspice();
const netlist = `Wheatstone bridge T=${tempC}C
V1 vcc 0 DC 3.3
R1 vcc va 10k
Rntc va 0 ${rNtc}
R3 vcc vb 10k
R4 vb 0 10k
.op
.end`;
e.setNetList(netlist);
const result = await e.runSim();
const names = result.variableNames.map(n => n.toLowerCase());
const iA = names.indexOf('v(va)');
const iB = names.indexOf('v(vb)');
if (iA < 0 || iB < 0) throw new Error(`Nets not found: ${names}`);
const vA = result.data[iA].values[0];
const vB = result.data[iB].values[0];
spice(`T=${tempC}C: R_ntc=${rNtc.toFixed(0)} VA=${vA.toFixed(4)} VB=${vB.toFixed(4)}`);
return { vA, vB, rNtc };
}
// ─── Compile ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
async function compile() {
info('Compiling ESP32 bridge sketch...');
const res = await fetch(`${BACKEND}/api/compile/`, {
method: 'POST',
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
body: JSON.stringify({
files: [{ name: 'sketch.ino', content: SKETCH }],
board_fqbn: 'esp32:esp32:esp32',
}),
});
if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Compile HTTP ${res.status}: ${(await res.text()).slice(0, 500)}`);
const body = await res.json();
if (!body.success) throw new Error(`Compile error: ${(body.error ?? body.stderr ?? '').slice(0, 500)}`);
const fw = body.binary_content ?? body.firmware_b64;
if (!fw) throw new Error(`No firmware. Keys: ${Object.keys(body)}`);
ok(`Compiled -- ${Math.round(fw.length * 0.75 / 1024)} KB`);
return fw;
}
// ─── Co-simulation ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
function runCoSim(firmware_b64) {
// Temperature sweep: 0C, 25C, 50C
const temps = [0, 25, 50];
return new Promise(async (resolve) => {
// Pre-solve all circuits
const circuits = {};
for (const t of temps) {
circuits[t] = await solveBridge(t);
}
const wsUrl = `${WS_BASE}/api/simulation/ws/${SESSION}`;
info(`Connecting WebSocket -> ${wsUrl}`);
const ws = new WebSocket(wsUrl);
let lineBuf = '';
let serialLines = [];
let ready = false;
let tempIdx = 0;
let results = {}; // temp -> [{rawA, rawB, vA, vB, rNtc, tC}]
let currentTemp = temps[0];
const timer = setTimeout(() => {
ws.close();
resolve({ timedOut: true, results, serialLines, circuits });
}, TIMEOUT_S * 1000);
function injectVoltage(tempC) {
const c = circuits[tempC];
const mvA = Math.round(c.vA * 1000);
const mvB = Math.round(c.vB * 1000);
ws.send(JSON.stringify({ type: 'esp32_adc_set', data: { channel: 6, millivolts: mvA } }));
ws.send(JSON.stringify({ type: 'esp32_adc_set', data: { channel: 7, millivolts: mvB } }));
spice(`Injected T=${tempC}C: CH6=${mvA}mV CH7=${mvB}mV`);
}
ws.addEventListener('open', () => {
ok('WebSocket connected');
ws.send(JSON.stringify({
type: 'start_esp32',
data: { board: 'esp32', firmware_b64, wifi_enabled: false },
}));
});
ws.addEventListener('message', ev => {
let msg;
try { msg = JSON.parse(ev.data); } catch { return; }
if (msg.type === 'serial_output') {
lineBuf += msg.data?.data ?? '';
let nl;
while ((nl = lineBuf.indexOf('\n')) !== -1) {
const line = lineBuf.slice(0, nl).replace(/\r$/, '');
lineBuf = lineBuf.slice(nl + 1);
if (!line.trim()) continue;
serialLines.push(line);
serial(`UART: ${line}`);
if (line.includes('ESP32_BRIDGE_READY') && !ready) {
ready = true;
ok('ESP32 bridge ready -- injecting first temperature');
currentTemp = temps[0];
injectVoltage(currentTemp);
}
const m = line.match(/BRIDGE:\s*rawA=(\d+)\s+rawB=(\d+)\s+vA=([\d.]+)\s+vB=([\d.]+)\s+R_ntc=([\d.]+)\s+T=([-\d.]+)C/);
if (m) {
const reading = {
rawA: parseInt(m[1]), rawB: parseInt(m[2]),
vA: parseFloat(m[3]), vB: parseFloat(m[4]),
rNtc: parseFloat(m[5]), tC: parseFloat(m[6]),
};
if (!results[currentTemp]) results[currentTemp] = [];
results[currentTemp].push(reading);
// After 2 readings at this temp, move to next
if (results[currentTemp].length >= 2) {
tempIdx++;
if (tempIdx < temps.length) {
currentTemp = temps[tempIdx];
info(`Switching to T=${currentTemp}C`);
injectVoltage(currentTemp);
} else {
clearTimeout(timer);
ws.close();
resolve({ timedOut: false, results, serialLines, circuits });
}
}
}
}
}
if (msg.type === 'system') info(`system: ${JSON.stringify(msg.data)}`);
if (msg.type === 'error') err(`error: ${JSON.stringify(msg.data)}`);
});
ws.addEventListener('error', e => err(`WS error: ${e.message ?? e}`));
ws.addEventListener('close', () => {
clearTimeout(timer);
});
});
}
// ─── Validation ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
function validate(result) {
const { timedOut, results, circuits } = result;
info('');
info('══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════');
info(' Co-Simulation Results: ESP32 + ngspice Wheatstone Bridge');
info('══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════');
let pass = true;
if (timedOut) { err('Timed out'); pass = false; }
for (const [tempStr, readings] of Object.entries(results)) {
const temp = parseInt(tempStr);
if (readings.length === 0) { err(`No readings for T=${temp}C`); pass = false; continue; }
const avgT = readings.reduce((s, r) => s + r.tC, 0) / readings.length;
const c = circuits[temp];
info(`T=${temp}C: SPICE V(A)=${c.vA.toFixed(3)}V, R_ntc=${c.rNtc.toFixed(0)}ohm`);
info(` ESP32 read: avgT=${avgT.toFixed(1)}C (${readings.length} samples)`);
// Tolerance: +/- 5C (ADC quantization + beta model rounding)
if (Math.abs(avgT - temp) > 5) {
err(` Temperature off by ${Math.abs(avgT - temp).toFixed(1)}C (tolerance: 5C)`);
pass = false;
} else {
ok(` Within tolerance`);
}
}
// Check that different temperatures produce different readings
const temps = Object.keys(results).map(Number).sort((a, b) => a - b);
if (temps.length >= 2) {
const first = results[temps[0]];
const last = results[temps[temps.length - 1]];
if (first?.length > 0 && last?.length > 0) {
const delta = Math.abs(first[0].rawA - last[0].rawA);
if (delta < 50) {
err(`ADC readings too similar across temperatures (delta=${delta})`);
pass = false;
} else {
ok(`Temperature sweep produces distinct ADC readings (delta=${delta})`);
}
}
}
info('');
if (pass) {
ok('ALL CHECKS PASSED -- ESP32 Wheatstone bridge + ngspice co-simulation works!');
process.exit(0);
} else {
err('SOME CHECKS FAILED');
process.exit(1);
}
}
// ─── Main ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
async function main() {
info('ESP32 + ngspice Wheatstone bridge co-simulation E2E test');
info(`Backend: ${BACKEND} | Timeout: ${TIMEOUT_S}s`);
info('');
try {
await bootNgspice();
const firmware = await compile();
const result = await runCoSim(firmware);
validate(result);
} catch (e) {
err(`Fatal: ${e.message}`);
if (e.message?.includes('fetch')) {
err('Is the backend running? Start with: cd backend && uvicorn app.main:app --port 8001');
}
process.exit(1);
}
}
main();

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/**
* Smoke test: verify that eecircuit-engine (ngspice-WASM) runs standalone in
* the E2E test environment. Does NOT require the backend.
*
* Run: node test/backend/e2e/test_esp32_spice_smoke.mjs
*/
import { Simulation } from 'eecircuit-engine';
const sim = new Simulation();
await sim.start();
sim.setNetList(`Smoke test
V1 vcc 0 DC 3.3
R1 vcc mid 10k
R2 mid 0 10k
.op
.end`);
const result = await sim.runSim();
const names = result.variableNames.map(n => n.toLowerCase());
const idx = names.indexOf('v(mid)');
const v = result.data[idx].values[0];
console.log(`v(mid) = ${v.toFixed(4)} V (expected 1.6500)`);
const ok = Math.abs(v - 1.65) < 0.01;
console.log(ok ? 'PASS' : 'FAIL');
process.exit(ok ? 0 : 1);